Rules for making an Italian carbonara (hint: there's no bacon) (2024)

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You may be quite proud of your homemade spaghetti carbonara recipe, created with your special touch. But we have to ask: is it really a carbonara?

According to the

, the original recipe for “spaghetti or pasta carbonara” is one of the most misinterpreted recipes outside of Italy.

To cook this dish the ‘right’ way according to the purists, you must avoid all temptation to tamper with the genius behind the original Roman recipe.

Sounds harsh? Fear not. Here are some easy-to-follow rules (and permitted modifications) for making a true Lazio carbonara, the “right” way.

Dinner?
Spaghetti alla carbonara

Must-have ingredients

A real carbonara does not contain onion, garlic, or cream.

Which pasta do you use?

Traditionally,

should always be paired with pasta that has a shape bearing a large ratio of surface area to volume, to allow the raw egg to be properly cooked. That’s why long and thin types of pasta work perfectly.

Spaghetti is the first choice but you can also use bucatini, linguine or fettuccine.

Always cook the pasta in salted boiling water – remember that the water needs to be as salty as the sea.

How about the cheese?

Should you add Parmigiano-Reggiano,Grana Padana or Roman pecorino? If you want to play it safe, go for the choice bearing the same origins as the dish.

In this case, Roman pecorino wins out. However, there may be some room for forgiveness if you use a mix of hard Italian cheeses, including pecorino.

Rules for making an Italian carbonara (hint: there's no bacon) (2)

Let the guanciale render slowly and don't throw away the fat. Source: Jono Fleming

Bacon v guanciale

This dish is 'supposed' to be made with guanciale, an Italian cured meat prepared from pork cheeks. That’s why

(the name comes from the Italian word for cheek) is used as it’s a speciality of the Lazio region, where the dish originates. However, if you can’t find guanciale, pancetta is the next best substitute – not bacon.

When you’re frying the guanciale, avoid using olive oil. Start the pan from cold and let it render. The idea is to fry the meat in its own fat. That way, the rendered fat will add flavour to your sauce.

Egg yolks or whole eggs?

If you ask Silvia Colloca – host of the SBS show,

Cook Like An Italian

– you should only use egg yolks when making carbonara.

“A humble ingredient like the egg becomes this incredible, creamy, binding sauce that is quite magical, but it’s also a little bit tricky,” Colloca says in episode six of the third series. “The thing about egg when it touches the heat is that it coagulates really quickly. It cooks. It scrambles. It becomes frittata and we don’t want that.

“[So] my way of doing carbonara that works every single time is to separate the eggs and just use the yolks.”

Other recipes call for using a mix of whole eggs. So a good midpoint is to use a

Whichever method you choose, the effect should remain traditional. You want the eggs to just start to curdle, to give your dish creaminess. Egg whites will provide texture but too much could make the eggs curdle. Meanwhile, egg yolks help to bind the pork fat to the sauce. This also helps to enhance the creaminess.

So a good rule to follow is to include one egg yolk per person and one egg white per four people.

Order is important

Have your cold beaten eggs, cheese and pepper combination ready to go. Then add it to pasta that has already been cooked al dente and that’s just been quickly mixed with guanciale (and its juices) in the pan. Turn the heat off. Pour the egg-cheese-pepper mixture into the pan with a bit of pasta water. Stir to combine.

If your sauce is too runny, add more cheese. But if you notice that it’s too thick, add a few tablespoons – one at a time – of pasta water until you land at the right consistency.

Rules for making an Italian carbonara (hint: there's no bacon) (3)

Spaghetti alla carbonara Source: Jono Fleming

A final word to your guests

“The fundamental truth about carbonara is that you eat it straight away [once it’s cooked],” says Colloca.

“It cannot sit. It’s not forgiving. So if you’re making this for your friends and they’re fiddling about grabbing the wine and enjoying some fresh air on the balcony, you sit them down.

“You make sure they’re sitting down when you cook the pasta because as it’s ready it’s got to be eaten.”

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Rules for making an Italian carbonara (hint: there's no bacon) (2024)

FAQs

What can you substitute for bacon in carbonara? ›

However, if you can't find guanciale, pancetta is the next best substitute – not bacon. When you're frying the guanciale, avoid using olive oil. Start the pan from cold and let it render. The idea is to fry the meat in its own fat.

What is the golden rule of cooking carbonara? ›

The golden rule of cooking carbonara is to never cook the sauce over direct heat once the eggs are added.

Which ingredient should never be used in traditional carbonara? ›

What not to put in Spaghetti Carbonara? Don't put garlic, cream, milk or butter. It is not needed. It is fine if you want to make a dish with those ingredients, but if you want to learn how to make this dish correctly, use only pecorino, eggs/egg yolks, black pepper, guanciale, and pasta water.

Why not bacon in carbonara? ›

If you want your carbonara to be as authentic as possible, you should be using guanciale, not bacon or pancetta. Guanciale is cured pork cheek. It looks a little like bacon, but isn't smoked, so its flavor leans more towards pancetta. Rich, unctuous and packed with umami, guanciale is what real carbonara is made from.

What do Italians use instead of bacon? ›

Sometimes called “Italian bacon”, pancetta is a pork belly side, salted and cured with pepper, spices and rolled into a casing. It is then potentially dried/cured for several months. It is not smoked like bacon.

What can I add instead of bacon? ›

We've rounded up a list of all of the best meat-free bacon alternatives to help you find your new faves.
  • Tempeh bacon. If you haven't heard of Tempeh, it's an excellent meat-free protein source which originated in Indonesia. ...
  • Shiitake Mushroom bacon. ...
  • Seitan bacon. ...
  • Breaded aubergine. ...
  • Carrot bacon.
Feb 26, 2023

What are the biggest carbonara mistakes? ›

15 Mistakes That Are Ruining Your Carbonara
  • Adding your eggs while the pasta is still on the heat. Anton27/Shutterstock. ...
  • Not coating your pasta completely. ...
  • Using bacon instead of guanciale. ...
  • Not whisking your eggs enough. ...
  • Using parmesan instead of pecorino. ...
  • Not grinding your own pepper. ...
  • Using cold eggs. ...
  • Adding extra ingredients.
Mar 5, 2023

What is the secret ingredient in carbonara? ›

While a simple spaghetti carbonara recipe uses pancetta as the meat and a traditional Italian recipe may use guanciale, a cured pork, De Laurentiis combines bacon and pancetta to give her dish a unique salty kick. But she ups the ante even more with a secret ingredient — cinnamon.

Does carbonara use whole egg or egg yolk? ›

Why It Works. A sauce of mostly yolks has a richer, silkier, tighter texture than one made with only whole eggs. A mixture of Pecorino Romano and Parmigiano-Reggiano delivers that essential Roman flavor without making the pasta taste excessively salty or sharp.

Do Italians put garlic in carbonara? ›

When it comes to carbonara, the former abide by the following “rules":
  1. Use only guanciale, not pancetta.
  2. Use only the egg yolks, no whites.
  3. Use only Pecorino.
  4. Additions such as cream, garlic, or onion are not welcome.

Why shouldn't you put cream in carbonara? ›

Why do restaurants make Carbonara sauce with cream? It should be just eggs, cheese, black pepper and pancetta. But then some people think that won't hit the palette of people from elsewhere. So it gets “adjusted” to local taste and the cream gets added.

How to stop eggs scrambling in carbonara? ›

To avoid the dreaded scramble, the goal is to not let your eggs get too hot too quickly. Rather than add your eggs straight into your carbonara pan, crack them into a different bowl with the Pecorino. From there, you have a few options for how to combine the mixture with your pasta.

What is the closest substitute to pancetta? ›

What can I use instead of pancetta? Bacon is the best substitute for adding flavour to soups, stews, pasta and salads. For charcuterie or wrapping meats or poultry, prosciutto is your next best option.

What's the difference between carbonara and Italian carbonara? ›

The Italian version doesn't use cream or ham. It is made with pancetta (pork belly meat that is salt cured, also referred to as Italian bacon), Parmigiano Reggiano or pecorino romano cheese, eggs, and black pepper—called the basics. The pork is fried in fat, usually olive oil.

What is a carbonara without meat called? ›

Pasta cacio e uova, or cas' e ova in Neapolitan dialect, is a simple Campanian dish that can be most easily summarized as "meatless carbonara." Like carbonara, cas' e ova features a silky, temperature-sensitive sauce made with eggs and a mixture of grated Parmigiano-Reggiano and Pecorino Romano that coats al dente ...

What is a good substitute for pancetta in carbonara? ›

If you want the best option for a cheap alternative to pancetta that doesn't change the flavor much, I'd suggest salt pork. Bacon is a great sub, but traditional carbonara actually uses guanciale, which is cured hog jowl.

Does carbonara have to have meat? ›

Outside Italy, variations on carbonara may include green peas, broccoli, tenderstem broccoli, leeks, onions, other vegetables or mushrooms, and may substitute a meat such as ham or coppa for the fattier guanciale or pancetta.

What is a good substitute for pork bacon? ›

Turkey bacon can be used as a substitute for bacon where religious restrictions forbid the consumption of pork. Also known as "fakon", it is marketed as a bacon alternative and available in supermarkets. It is generally high in protein and fiber, yet low in fat, and typically has no cholesterol.

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